Professor Tahboub is a professor of mechatronics engineering at the Palestine Polytechnic University where he was the founding dean of the college of engineering and technology. He was a visiting scholar and professor at the Intelligent Machines Lab of the MIT, at the Institute of Perception, Action, and Behavior of the University of Edinburgh, at the Artificial Intelligence Institute of the University of Freiburg, at the Neurology Department of the University of Freiburg Medical Center, and at the Institute of Computer Engineering at the University of Heidelberg, at the National Institute for Research in Computer Science and Control, INRIA, Paris, France, and at the Institute of Arabic and Islamic Studies I, Philosophy Faculty, Göttingen University, Germany. Professor Tahboub is the recipient of the Fulbright fellowship - USA, the Royal Society fellowship - UK, and the Alexander von Humboldt fellowship - Germany.

Professor Tahboub has been actively engaged in the higher education system in Palestine. He was a board member of the National Commission for Accreditation and Quality Assurance (2002-2006) and a board member of the Higher Education Quality Improvement Fund (2007-2012). Further, he served as advisor to the minister of higher education (2012-2013). Professor Tahboub was a board member of the Higher Council for Innovation and Excellence (2012-2018) and  served as the vice chairman of the Scientific Research Council at the ministry of higher education (2012-2019). Professor Tahboub has been elected recently to serve on the executive committee of the International Federation of Innovators' Associations, Geneva (2023-2025) representing the Higher Council for Innovation and Excellence in Palestine.